Question Easy:
A patient presents with sudden onset unilateral loss of vision, often described as a “curtain coming down” over their field of vision. They also report experiencing floaters and flashes of light. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Age-related macular degeneration
B) Retinal detachment
C) Glaucoma
D) Cataract
E) Diabetic retinopathy
Question Medium:
A 45-year-old man complains of decreased hearing in his left ear, accompanied by a feeling of fullness and occasional tinnitus. Otoscopic examination reveals a red, bulging tympanic membrane. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Chronic suppurative otitis media
B) Otitis externa
C) Acute otitis media
D) Eustachian tube dysfunction
E) Presbycusis
Question Hard:
A 34-year-old woman presents with episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, aural fullness and fluctuating hearing loss in her right ear that have been occurring over the past few months. Which condition is most likely responsible for her symptoms?
A) Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
B) Meniere’s disease
C) Vestibular neuritis
D) Labyrinthitis
E) Acoustic neuroma
Explanations & Answers:
Question Easy Answer:
B
Question Easy Explanation:
The presenting symptoms are classic signs of retinal detachment, which can include a sudden increase in floaters, flashes of light, and the sensation of a curtain or shadow across the field of vision. Immediate referral to an ophthalmologist is warranted. According to NICE guidelines, retinal detachment is an ophthalmic emergency.
Question Medium Answer:
C
Question Medium Explanation:
The patient’s symptoms and otoscopy findings are indicative of acute otitis media, characterized by an infection of the middle ear causing a red, bulging tympanic membrane. This condition is often treated with analgesics and antibiotic therapy if it does not resolve spontaneously, as per NHS guidelines.
Question Hard Answer:
B
Question Hard Explanation:
Meniere’s disease is characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, aural fullness, and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss. The episodic nature of the symptoms described by the patient is highly suggestive of this condition. NICE and BNF guidelines recommend a range of treatments including dietary modifications, pharmacotherapy, and sometimes surgical interventions.
Medical fact of the day:
👂 Did you know? Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is considered a medical emergency and should be referred to an ENT specialist immediately. Early treatment with corticosteroids can significantly improve outcomes.
Quote of the day:
“Compassion and knowledge are the twin pillars of healthcare; only together can we build a foundation strong enough to heal.” 🌟