Question Easy:
A 45-year-old woman presents with sudden onset of double vision 👀. She also reports difficulty keeping her eyelids open and fatigue after sustained activity. These symptoms improve with rest. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Myasthenia gravis
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Guillain-Barré syndrome
D) Bell’s palsy
E) Cluster headache
Explanations & Answers:
Question Easy Answer: A) Myasthenia gravis
Question Easy Explanation: Myasthenia gravis is characterized by muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest. Common symptoms include ptosis (drooping eyelids) and diplopia (double vision), due to ocular muscle involvement.
Question Medium:
A 60-year-old man presents with a unilateral red, painful eye and haloes around lights at night 🌙. His intraocular pressure is significantly elevated. What is the most appropriate initial management step?
A) Oral acetazolamide
B) Oral propranolol
C) Intravenous methylprednisolone
D) Topical bacitracin
E) Laser peripheral iridotomy
Question Medium Answer: A) Oral acetazolamide
Question Medium Explanation: Acute angle-closure glaucoma is an ophthalmic emergency characterized by a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide helps reduce the production of aqueous humor and lower intraocular pressure, thereby relieving symptoms. Initial management often includes medications such as oral acetazolamide, followed by definitive treatments like laser peripheral iridotomy according to NICE guidelines.
Question Hard:
A 35-year-old male complains of progressive loss of central vision and difficulty reading 🙈. On examination, he has yellowish deposits in the macula region of both eyes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Age-related macular degeneration
B) Diabetic retinopathy
C) Retinitis pigmentosa
D) Retinal detachment
E) Stargardt disease
Question Hard Answer: E) Stargardt disease
Question Hard Explanation: Stargardt disease is a genetic disorder that causes progressive loss of central vision due to degeneration of the macula. It is characterized by the presence of yellowish flecks (lipofuscin deposits) in the macula area and typically presents in younger adults.
Medical fact of the day: The human nose can detect about one trillion different scents! The olfactory system’s complexity provides diverse sensory input, making it crucial for detecting and distinguishing a wide range of smells.
Quote of the day: “In the canvas of care, every brushstroke of compassion completes the masterpiece of healing.”